Dictatorship!

The Great Depression Timeline&News Paper

The Great Depression Began
The Great Depression, which lasted from 1929 to the early 1940s, was a severe economic downturn caused by an overly-confident, over-extended stock market and a drought that struck the South. In an attempt to end the Great Depression, the U.S. government took unprecedented direct action to help stimulate the economy. Despite this help, the Great Depression finally ended with the increased production needed for World War II.

TIMELINES OF THE GREAT DEPRESSION

                                                      1920s (Decade)

• During World War I, federal spending grows three times larger than tax collections. When the government cuts back spending to balance the budget in 1920, a severe recession results. However, the war economy invested heavily in the manufacturing sector, and the next decade will see an explosion of productivity... although only for certain sectors of the economy.

• An average of 600 banks fail each year.

• Organized labor declines throughout the decade. The United Mine Workers Union will see its membership fall from 500,000 in 1920 to 75,000 in 1928. The American Federation of Labor would fall from 5.1 million in 1920 to 3.4 million in 1929.

1922

• The conservative Supreme Court strikes down federal child labor legislation.

1923

• President Warren Harding dies in office. Calvin Coolidge, becomes president. Coolidge is no less committed to laissez-faire and a non-interventionist government.
• Supreme Court nullifies minimum wage for women in District of Columbia.

1924

• The stock market begins its spectacular rise. Bears little relation to the rest of the economy.

1929

• Herbert Hoover becomes President.

• Annual per-capita income is $750. More than half of all Americans are living below a minimum subsistence level.

• Backlog of business inventories grows three times larger than the year before.

• Recession begins in August, two months before the stock market crash. During this two month period, production will decline at an annual rate of 20 percent, wholesale prices at 7.5 percent, and personal income at 5 percent.

1930

• By February, the Federal Reserve has cut the prime interest rate from 6 to 4 percent. Treasury Secretary Andrew Mellon announces that the Fed will stand by as the market works itself out: 'Liquidate labor, liquidate real estate... values will be adjusted, and enterprising people will pick up the wreck from less-competent people'.

• The Smoot-Hawley Tariff passes on June 17. With imports forming only 6 percent of the GNP, the 40 percent tariffs work out to an effective tax of only 2.4 percent per citizen. Even this is compensated for by the fact that American businesses

1931

• No major legislation is passed addressing the Depression.

• The GNP falls another 8.5 percent; unemployment rises to 15.9 percent.

1932

• This and the next year are the worst years of the Great Depression. For 1932, GNP falls a record 13.4 percent; unemployment rises to 23.6 percent.

• Industrial stocks have lost 80 percent of their value since 1930.

• 10,000 banks have failed since 1929, or 40 percent of the 1929 total.

• GNP has also fallen 31 percent since 1929.

• Over 13 million Americans have lost their jobs since 1929.

The Great Depression Begin!!!

Wall St. In Panic As Stocks Crash.

Millions of people with no Work.

High Duty group gave $700,000 to cooldige Drive.

U.S in Panic    -    Wall street Crash     -     Millions no Work   -  People are Desesperate

The Great Depression

The Great Depression was a severe worldwide economic depression in the decade preceding World War II. The timing of the Great Depression varied across nations, but in most countries it started in 1930 and lasted until the late 1930s or middle 1940s. It was the longest, deepest, and most widespread depression of the 20th century.

In the 21st century, the Great Depression is commonly used as an example of how far the world's economy can decline. The depression originated in the U.S., after the fall in stock prices that began around September 4, 1929, and became worldwide news with the stock market crash of October 29, 1929 (known as Black Tuesday).

The Great Depression had devastating effects in countries rich and poor. Personal income, tax revenue, profits and prices dropped, while international trade plunged by more than 50%. Unemployment in the U.S. rose to 25%, and in some countries rose as high as 33%.

TIMELINES OF THE GREAT DEPRESSION

                                                      1920s (Decade)

• During World War I, federal spending grows three times larger than tax collections. When the government cuts back spending to balance the budget in 1920, a severe recession results. However, the war economy invested heavily in the manufacturing sector, and the next decade will see an explosion of productivity... although only for certain sectors of the economy.

• An average of 600 banks fail each year.

• Organized labor declines throughout the decade. The United Mine Workers Union will see its membership fall from 500,000 in 1920 to 75,000 in 1928. The American Federation of Labor would fall from 5.1 million in 1920 to 3.4 million in 1929.

1922

• The conservative Supreme Court strikes down federal child labor legislation.

1923

• President Warren Harding dies in office. Calvin Coolidge, becomes president. Coolidge is no less committed to laissez-faire and a non-interventionist government.
• Supreme Court nullifies minimum wage for women in District of Columbia.

1924

• The stock market begins its spectacular rise. Bears little relation to the rest of the economy.

1929

• Herbert Hoover becomes President.

• Annual per-capita income is $750. More than half of all Americans are living below a minimum subsistence level.

• Backlog of business inventories grows three times larger than the year before.

• Recession begins in August, two months before the stock market crash. During this two month period, production will decline at an annual rate of 20 percent, wholesale prices at 7.5 percent, and personal income at 5 percent.

1930

• By February, the Federal Reserve has cut the prime interest rate from 6 to 4 percent. Treasury Secretary Andrew Mellon announces that the Fed will stand by as the market works itself out: 'Liquidate labor, liquidate real estate... values will be adjusted, and enterprising people will pick up the wreck from less-competent people'.

• The Smoot-Hawley Tariff passes on June 17. With imports forming only 6 percent of the GNP, the 40 percent tariffs work out to an effective tax of only 2.4 percent per citizen. Even this is compensated for by the fact that American businesses

1931

• No major legislation is passed addressing the Depression.

• The GNP falls another 8.5 percent; unemployment rises to 15.9 percent.

1932

• This and the next year are the worst years of the Great Depression. For 1932, GNP falls a record 13.4 percent; unemployment rises to 23.6 percent.

• Industrial stocks have lost 80 percent of their value since 1930.

• 10,000 banks have failed since 1929, or 40 percent of the 1929 total.

• GNP has also fallen 31 percent since 1929.

• Over 13 million Americans have lost their jobs since 1929.

• International trade has fallen by two-thirds since 1929.

Interesting Facts

THE GREAT DEPRESSION DEEPENS: BANK RUNS AND THE HOOVER ADMINISTRATION

Despite assurances from President Herbert Hoover and other leaders that the crisis would run its course, matters continued to get worse over the next three years. By 1930, 4 million Americans looking for work could not find it; that number had risen to 6 million in 1931. Meanwhile, the country’s industrial production had dropped by half. Bread lines, soup kitchens and rising numbers of homeless people became more and more common in America’s towns and cities.

Russian Revolution 

In 1917, two revolutions swept through Russia, ending centuries of imperial rule and setting in motion political and social changes that would lead to the formation of the Soviet Union. In March, growing civil unrest, coupled with chronic food shortages, erupted into open revolt, forcing the abdication of Nicholas II (1868-1918), the last Russian czar. Just months later, the newly installed provisional government was itself overthrown by the more radical Bolsheviks, led by Vladimir Lenin (1870-1924).

By 1917, most Russians had lost faith in the leadership ability of Czar Nicholas II. Government corruption was rampant, the Russian economy remained backward, and Nicholas repeatedly dissolved the Duma, the Russian parliament established after the 1905 revolution, when it opposed his will. However, the immediate cause of the February Revolution–the first phase of the Russian Revolution of 1917–was Russia’s disastrous involvement in World War I (1914-18). Militarily, imperial Russia was no match for industrialized Germany, and Russian casualties were greater than those sustained by any nation in any previous war. Meanwhile, the economy was hopelessly disrupted by the costly war effort, and moderates joined Russian radical elements in calling for the overthrow of the czar.

(This information is provided the page of History.com)

Timeline- Russia Revolution

Date	Event
1894	Czar Nicholas is crowned  After his father, Czar Alexander III, died, Nicholas II became Czar over all of Russia.
1895	Vladmir Lenin is exiled  Lenin's brother had been killed a few years before for trying to kill Czar Nicholas' father. Lenin wanted to take over power from Nicholas, and he was arrested and exiled from Russia.
1903	The Russian Social-Democrat Labor Party meets  At the meeting the people were split into two groups. Some supported Lenin, and others supported a different leader.
1905	A revolution breaks out  A revolution broke out in St. Petersburg, but Czar Nicholas quickly put an end to it. The day was called Bloody Sunday.
1908	Rasputin is introduced into the aristocracy  Rasputin called himself a holy man and a healer, and he helped heal Czar Nicholas' sick son. Still, Rasputin wasn't a good man, and many in Russia hated him, putting the people at odds with the Czar.
1914	WWI begins  World War I began and the following year, Czar Nicholas took command of the Russian Army.
1916	Rasputin is killed  The plan to kill Rasputin seemed simple, but it took a lot of work to finally kill him.
February 1917	Another revolution begins  The people were unhappy with Czar Nicholas' rule of the country. They began protests and strikes, refusing to do their work.
March 1917	Czar Nicholas tries to step down  Nicholas tried to give up his throne and let his brother take over, but his brother refused. Other Russian aristocrats tried to make a temporary government.
July 1917	Vladmir Lenin tries to take over  Lenin came out of exile and tried to take over the temporary government, but he was chased back into hiding.
October 1917	Lenin succeeds in taking over  Lenin still led the split political party of the Russian Social-Democrat Labor Party, and his party soon moved in and took control of Russia.
1918	Russia backs out of WWI  Lenin signed a treaty, taking Russia out of WWI. Later that year he had Czar Nicholas and his family killed.
March 1918	The Communist Party is developed  Lenin changed the name of his political party to the Communist Party.
1922	The USSR is established  Lenin helped establish the United Soviet Socialists Republic, a communist country. He worked with Joseph Stalin.
1924	Vladmir Lenin dies  After Lenin died, Joseph Stalin took over his rule. He would rule for many years to come. The Russian revolution changed Russia and all of history, introducing communism into the modern world. However, communism didn't catch on as Lenin and Stalin had hoped. Instead, demo

Russian- Civil War

The Russian Civil War (November 1917 – October 1922) was a multi-party war in the former Russian Empire fought between the Bolshevik Red Army and the White Army, the loosely allied anti-Bolshevik forces. Many foreign armies warred against the Red Army, notably the Allied Forcesand the pro-German armies.[4] The Red Army defeated the White Armed Forces of South Russia in Ukraine and the army led by Aleksandr Kolchak in Siberia in 1919. The remains of the White forces commanded by Pyotr Nikolayevich Wrangel were beaten in the Crimea and were evacuated in the autumn of 1920.

The Treaty of Brest-Litovsk had shown to many how weak the Bolsheviks actually were. Lenin had called for peace at any price and the Germans had exacted very severe terms – something that was held against them at Versailles in 1919.

At the end of 1917, the Bolsheviks only effectively controlled Petrograd, Moscow and the territory between both cities. With the fall of Nicholas II, many parts of the Russian empire took the opportunity to declare their independence. Finland did so in March 1918 – and collapsed into a civil war itself. The Whites, led by Mannerheim, were helped by the Germans – Luderndorff even contemplated putting a German prince in power in Finland once the Whites had won. With German help, the Finnish Whites pushed back the Finnish-Russo border and Petrograd was almost within artillery range.